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Washington Castilhos

Reporter · US

Indexed articles, last 90 days
5
Latest publication
Sep 17, 2026
Outlet visibility, for Medscape
Top 50K sites
Earliest in this view
Jul 29, 2026

Latest articles

  1. Article · Sep 17, 2026 · Washington Castilhos

    Hidden Hypercortisolism in Refractory T2D (opens the original)

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    In a 37-year-old patient with difficult-to-control type 2 diabetes (T2D), despite treatment with metformin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, and a GLP-1 agonist, A1c remains persistently elevated at 7.8%-8.5%. The patient also has central obesity and severe hypertension requiring three or more antihypertensive medications. Recent evidence suggests that this constellation of findings should raise suspicion for an often-overlooked underlying cause of poor glycemic control: occult hypercortisolism. This warning

  2. Article · Sep 15, 2026 · Washington Castilhos

    Can Obesity Treatment With GLP-1 Drugs Last Forever? (opens the original)

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    Whether pharmacologic treatment of obesity with GLP-1 receptor agonists (RAs) should continue indefinitely once initiated was debated at the 37th Brazilian Congress of Endocrinology and Metabolism (CBEM 2026) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from August 26 to 29, 2026. Bruno Halpern, MD, PhD, Brazilian endocrinologist, president of the World Obesity Federation, and vice president of the Brazilian Association for the Study of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome, argued in favor of long-term treatment,

  3. Article · Sep 11, 2026 · Washington Castilhos

    Criteria for Prescribing Testosterone: Who Qualifies? (opens the original)

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    In Brazil, testosterone is prescribed only to men with confirmed hormonal deficiency. However, the lack of clearly defined diagnostic criteria has contributed to the use of testosterone for increasing muscle mass and for other aesthetic purposes. A multidisciplinary consensus developed by the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Brazilian Society of Urology (SBU), and the Brazilian Association for Sexual Medicine and Health (ABEMSS) seeks to address this issue. Published in the

  4. Article · Aug 12, 2026 · Washington Castilhos

    Ultraprocessed Foods and the Gut Microbiome (opens the original)

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    Food additives commonly found in ultraprocessed foods may disrupt gut health through a variety of mechanisms, but the end result appears to be the same: dysbiosis and damage to the intestinal epithelial barrier, which normally helps protect the host from chronic inflammation. Some emulsifiers can erode the mucus layer, certain food colorings may be metabolized by commensal bacteria into pro-inflammatory compounds, artificial sweeteners may promote microbial imbalance, and nanoparticles may impai

  5. Article · Jul 29, 2026 · Washington Castilhos

    How to Confirm Patients Understand Prescription Instructions (opens the original)

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    Prescription instructions that seem straightforward to physicians may be misunderstood by patients, according to experts who recommend communication strategies to help physicians confirm patients’ understanding. For example, in Brazil, prescriptions often list the medication name followed by the notation “8/8 h” to indicate that a medication should be taken every 8 hours. Although the instruction is clear to physicians, some patients interpret it as taking one tablet at 8 AM and another at 8 PM.

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