Judith Arnal
- Indexed articles, last 90 days
- 2
- Latest publication
- Sep 1, 2026
- Outlet visibility, for EUobserver
- Top 1M sites
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- Jul 14, 2026
Latest articles
EU united against cheap imports from China but split in courting Chinese factories (opens the original)
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The nature of Europe’s economic challenge from China is rapidly changing. China shock 1.0 followed Beijing’s entry into the World Trade Organization in 2001. China’s export boom was then concentrated largely in labour-intensive manufacturing, such as textiles, clothing, footwear, furniture and toys. The adjustment was painful but uneven. In the United States, estimates attribute around two million job losses between 1999 and 2011 to Chinese import competition and its knock-on effects. The EU was
EU’s new ‘Made in Europe’ push is a costly patchwork: one label, four policies, no design (opens the original)
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Public procurement is quietly becoming one of EU’s industrial policy tools of choice. In a geopolitical environment that has turned harsher by the quarter, and with strategic autonomy now the organising ambition of European policy, the temptation is obvious: public purchasing represents roughly 14 percent of EU GDP, and conditioning access to contracts, and to the EU funding attached to them, on European origin, control or production looks like a lever Brussels actually holds. Since 2022, the EU
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For EUobserver, the outlet · Measured Aug 1, 2026
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