Mexico Decoded
The most-subscribed English-language Substack on Mexico. Delivering analysis of Mexico’s politics, economy, and business.
- Indexed issues, last 90 days
- 11
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- Sep 15, 2026
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- Jul 4, 2026
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A Fierce Battle to Control Mexico’s Political Future (opens the original)
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By Tamara MaresMorena, Mexico’s ruling party, has built its identity around former president Andrés Manuel López Obrador. His political trajectory not only marked Mexico’s last 20 years but also turned him into a widely recognized figure that even found a small niche in the economy, with t-shirts, keychains, and plush toys.It’s no wonder that, when López Obrador retired in 2024 after ending his presidency, the party he founded started showing cracks, and the cliques that had already formed in
The Real Reasons Mexico Cannot Defeat the Cartels (opens the original)
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Mexico has been a violent country for almost twenty years. Crime increased due to the federal government’s actions in late 2006, when former president Felipe Calderón declared a “war on cartels,” but administrations of every stripe have come and gone since then without the problem ending.Violence in Mexico is largely explained by the cartels’ criminal activities, since they operate drug trafficking routes but have expanded their activities to migrant smuggl
Is Mexico’s Welfare Making People Work Less? (opens the original)
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Between 2018 and 2024, Mexico registered a decrease in poverty, explained almost entirely by rising labor income. Only 7% of this reduction was attributable to social programs, which are President Claudia Sheinbaum’s flagship policies. This low percentage fuels the belief that Mexico’s social programs are not effective and only discourage people from working.This idea is repeated constantly on social media and has even made its way into foreign media outlets and think tanks, most of which argue
The Strange Mediocrity of Mexico’s Private Schools (opens the original)
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Something odd happens when Mexico’s students are compared with the rest of the world. Standardized tests show that Mexican private-school students perform surprisingly poorly compared to private-school students abroad. In math, they rank 47th out of 67 countries. Mexican public-school students, meanwhile, rank 43rd. The same pattern appears in science: Mexico ranks 46th among private schools, but 44th among public schools.This does not mean every private-school student in Mexico is
How Did Mexico’s Wealthiest Man Build His Fortune? (opens the original)
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When talking about the world’s richest people, Mexico has one name that stands out: Carlos Slim, the country’s wealthiest man, with a fortune estimated at $123 billion.To put Slim’s wealth in perspective, consider this: relative to the size of his country’s economy, he is richer than Elon Musk. Musk’s fortune is equivalent to roughly 2.6% of the GDP of the US. Slim’s is equivalent to about 5.9% of Mexico’s GDP.Yet, to truly understand Slim’s impact on Mexico,
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