JAJUDGE ANDREW P. NAPOLITANO

1. Article · Sep 18, 2026 · By JUDGE ANDREW P. NAPOLITANO

   More threats to the freedom of speech (opens the original)

   Excerpt · Critical tone · English

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   The freedom of speech and of the press is not a gift bestowed by a president, Congress or a federal agency. It is a natural right of all persons. The First Amendment does not create that right; it prohibits the government from infringing upon it. The ability to think, speak, write, criticize, ridicule, persuade, offend, dissent and challenge those in government is among the most fundamental preconditions of the exercise of human liberty. It is also indispensable to personal happiness. A person w

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2. Article · Aug 10, 2026 · By JUDGE ANDREW P. NAPOLITANO

   The normalcy of American wars (opens the original)

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   The war in Iran is unlawful and unconstitutional, but in post-World War II America, it is normal. Here is the backstory. When President Donald Trump decided to begin bombing Iran last June, he did not state a coherent or lawful reason for doing so. His director of national intelligence and his own CIA had publicly told him that Iran did not possess a nuclear weapon and had ceased building one in 2005. His secretary of state told him that Iran and Israel had threatened each other, but he could no

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